PeriodizationWith expansionism growing more now than ever, the question of slavery was a question often brought up concerning the addition of new states. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 had previously resolved the issue, but with the addition of California as a state, it no longer applied. The Compromise of 1850 was quickly implemented to succeed the previous compromise but also proved to be a failure. With the Compromise of 1850 failing, a solution for slavery was needed.
Popular sovereignty was often brought up as a solution for slavery, especially within Stephen Douglas's speeches and his debate with Lincoln. Many were still dissatisfied with popular sovereignty and sought a new change in policy. When Abraham Lincoln entered presidency, the southern states withdrew their membership from the Union and became what is known as the Confederacy states, with South Carolina leading the secession. The Civil War had begun. The Union had many advantages over the south; however, the Confederates had an advantage with their military backgrounds and skillful leaders. After a series of battles, one which resulted in the Emancipation Proclamation, the Union saw victory with the success of their Anaconda plan. The Confederates had no choice but to surrender, an iconic time in history where General Robert E. Lee (leprechaun) surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant at the Appomattox Court House. Lincoln had plans for reconstruction, but they were quickly cut short with his assassination. Andrew Johnson succeeded Lincoln as president, but faced conflict with the Radical Republicans in reconstruction plans. Finally, the time period ended with the election of Rutherford B. Hayes and the Compromise of 1877. With the compromise, he would withdraw troops from the south and start anew. |
Turning Points/Major Events
Oregon Treaty (1846)
division - Later there was still conflict over who would get what part of northwest America. The U.S. wanted land from the 54' 40 line and up but the British the area near the Columbus River - The solution: settle it at the 49' line
- Separation of Canada and the U.S.
- Mexican American War |
Mexican American War (1846)
- Texas was totally ok with that and agreed to be annexed to the U.S. - Mexico was getting riled up and dispute broke out towards the border. The U.S. sent an army to get them to chill out - Polk was inaugurated during the beginning of the war and made the statement that they were prob going to war with Mexico
- Addition of land (California and New Mexico)
- Pre-Civil War |
Compromise of 1850 (1850)
- California becoming a free state - Texas would give up their claimed land for $10 mill - Mexican Cession would be divided. Popular sovereignty would be used to determine whether or not it was a free or slave state - Fugitive Slave Act would be strict as heck
- Addition of California as a free state - DC's ending of the slave trade - Slavery above 36th parallel - Stalled Civil War
- Introduction of popular sovereignty |
Kansas Nebraska Act (1854)
- Slavery would be decided with the use of popular sovereignty
- Repealed Missouri Compromise - Bleeding Kansas - Republican party formation
- Pre-Civil War - Popular sovereignty...power in people |
Lincoln-Douglas Debate (1858)
- Brought about question of slavery in which Douglas reinstated his idea of the Freeport Doctrine
- Douglas' lost in the presidential election (Because of the Freeport Doctrine
- Pre-Civil War - Popular sovereignty - Pre-Lincoln's presidential term |
Civil War (1861)
- State rights - Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe - Missouri Compromise - Harper's Ferry
- Battle of Bull Run - Seven Days' Battle - Battle of Antietem - Battle of Vicksberg - Surrender at Appomattox Court House
- Freedom of slaves - Reconstruction - Jim Crow Laws - 13-15th Amendments
- Lincoln's presidential term - Slavery |
Emancipation Proclamation (1863)
states) - This was used to injure Confederate morale - Arose from Lincoln's confidence after their win
- Paved the way to the 13th amendment - Injured Confederate morale - Gave hope to now freed slaves in the war's winning
- Civil War - Civil rights increase |
Reconstruction Amendments
- 13th: Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude - 14th: Gave equal protection to all citizens - 15th: Gave African American men the right to vote
- African Americans were able to obtain more equal rights
- Reconstruction - Civil rights increase |
Credit Mobilier Scandal
president) - Funding was given to a dummy company to construct a railroad since more money could be earned with the construction of the railroad than the actual operation
- Grant's administration became known as one of the most corrupt
- Political corruption during Grant's administration |
Compromise of 1877 (1877)
- Rutherford B. Hayes would be president if he pulled the troops from the south - Southern democrat would be included in his cabinet - Transcontinental railroad would be constructed
candidate receiving the popular vote - Hayes fulfilled all of the promises of the compromise
- Reconstruction |
Comparisons
Union & Confederacy
Similarities
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Union
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Confederacy
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Abraham Lincoln & Radical Republican Reconstruction Plans
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Lincoln
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Radical Republicans
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Abraham Lincoln & Stephen Douglas
Similarities
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Lincoln
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Douglas
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